As autonomous agents query paid APIs, execute complex compute tasks, and transact across services, agentic commerce protocols provide cryptographic micro-settlements without human credit card friction.
1. The HTTP 402 Execution Cycle
The native web payment handshake follows a deterministic 4-step sequence:
- Discovery Request: The agent requests a protected API resource or paid MCP tool.
- HTTP 402 Challenge: The server returns
402 Payment Requiredwith headers defining the required asset, price (e.g. 0.001 USDC), and supported payment rails (x402orMPP). - Autonomous Signing: The agent's embedded wallet or authorized payment client signs the transaction payload.
- Settlement & Delivery: The agent retries the request with
Authorization: x402 <signature>. The server verifies on-chain settlement and immediately delivers the resource payload with a receipt header.
